The teachers who say their classrooms gave them cancer
Teachers must be protected from the "scourge of asbestos" in UK
schools, the National Union of Teachers has said. Two former teachers tell how
they have been affected.
"I think it was in the ceilings, and I presume it
was in the walls," said Jenny Darby, 71, a science teacher between 1969
and 1996.
"So when the [ceiling] tiles came off, the
asbestos would come down. I used to stick them back up almost every day."
She does not know where she was exposed to the
asbestos that caused her mesothelioma - a rare form of cancer almost always
caused by exposure to the substance - but thinks it might have been in one of
her classrooms. Asbestos was also in her lab equipment.
A 2013 study from the independent Committee on
Carcinogenicity estimated more than 75% of schools in England had buildings containing
asbestos.
"I knew that blue asbestos and grey asbestos was
banned, but I didn't realise that white asbestos was a danger as well,"
she told the BBC's Victoria Derbyshire programme.
White asbestos was banned in 1999.
The NUT puts the UK-wide figure at 86%, based on a
Freedom of Information request to local authorities.
Symptoms of the cancer generally take 30 to 40 years
to develop. Once diagnosed, however, most people can expect to live between
just 12 and 21 months.
Jenny was diagnosed in May 2013 and is hoping her
chemotherapy has slowed the cancer's progress. But her husband, Bromley, said
they were "on borrowed time".
"We're looking ahead maybe six to eight weeks,
maybe more," he said, regarding the couple's ability to make plans for the
future.
Between 2003 and 2012, 224 people in Britain whose
last occupation was recorded as "teaching professional" died of the
disease.
The rate of deaths is rising, but only in line with
overall mesothelioma deaths, which amounted to 21,957 during this same period.
Jenny said she did not have any hopes for the future
but tried to remain positive where possible.
"Sometimes I cry because I just feel it goes on
and on and on, but I'm fairly upbeat," she said.
She has been given compensation by the local
authority, which settled her claim with no admission of liability.
'Time-bomb'
There are now strict government regulations on how to
manage asbestos and monitor its condition in schools, but an NUT online
survey - based on 201 responses - suggested 44% of teachers had
not been told whether their school contained the substance.
David Martin, 70, from Mansfield, was diagnosed with
mesothelioma three years ago.
It came as a shock, as his former school "was
very careful, and had a plan of where the asbestos was located".
Last year, he was given compensation by the local
authority, with liability admitted over his exposure to asbestos while working
as a school technician.
He had also taught woodwork and design at the school
for 20 years.
"If it was anything to do with moving asbestos or
working with asbestos, then specialist firms were brought in to remove it
professionally," he said.
"So I never thought I was really being exposed
until after being diagnosed.
"I wasn't aware that by banging doors that could
have disturbed some of the asbestos fibres, which I'm now told it could have
done.
"I put a projector and a screen in every
classroom in the school... it could have been then that I was exposed."
David described asbestos in schools as "a
time-bomb waiting to explode", and his main fear is for pupils.
"Children will be children," he said.
"They will knock, tap, kick balls - no matter
what signs you put up," he says.
There are no statistics to suggest how many people
might have developed mesothelioma due to asbestos exposure as a pupil, but the
Committee on Carcinogenicity suggests a child first exposed to asbestos aged
five has a lifetime risk of developing the cancer about five times greater than
that of an adult first exposed aged 30.
A government review of
asbestos in schools in March 2015 concluded if it was undamaged and managed
safely, it did not pose a significant risk and it was safer to keep it in place.
The government said it would continue to develop more
targeted guidance on asbestos management in schools and, where appropriate,
fund its removal.
A Department of Education spokesperson said:
"Billions has been invested to improve the condition of the school estate,
with further significant investment to come over this Parliament. This funding
will help to ensure asbestos is managed safely and that the amount in school
buildings continues to reduce over time."
But NUT general secretary Christine Blower said the
government had no "long-term strategy" and there was "still no
[government] recognition that asbestos is a serious problem for schools".
Prof Julian Peto, of the London School of Hygiene and
Tropical Medicine, said: "Because the levels of asbestos are [often] so
low in schools, actually ripping it out could be more dangerous".
"It's a very nasty problem to get sorted. And for
young people, the risk of dying of mesothelioma is more like one in 10,000, as
there's a disconnect between those being diagnosed now and the exposure to the
children of today."
He added that, were it possible, removing all asbestos
from the environment would prevent "at most 25 deaths a year" - and
only a fraction of these from exposure in schools.
"So trying to remove it from all schools could
actually increase the number of deaths."
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